Page 288 — Sharh Tahawiyyah

:The commentary clarifies that the Arsh is the highest point of creation. To deny that Allah is above the heavens is to deny the explicit text of the Quran.

: The section transitions into the concept that all believers are "friends" ( awliya ) of God, and that their superiority over one another is based on their level of Taqwa (piety) and obedience. Summary Table: Iman vs. Islam in Tahawiyyah Hanafi View (Tahawi) Salaf/Hadith Scholars View Components Heart belief & tongue testimony Heart, tongue, and physical deeds Increase/Decrease Essence is stable; "light" varies Increases with obedience, decreases with sin Relationship Often used interchangeably Distinct when mentioned together sharh tahawiyyah page 288

This reality humbles the heart. It reminds the believer that their faith is not merely a result of their own intellect or status, but a gift from Allah’s Generosity. :The commentary clarifies that the Arsh is the

Ibn Abi al-‘Izz reiterates that humans acquire their voluntary acts. While Allah creates the act as a reality, the human chooses it through will and power that Allah also creates. This “acquisition” (kasb) makes reward and punishment just. Summary Table: Iman vs

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He does not resemble His creation nor is He contained by it.